Citing Books:
Book by a single author:
Author's last name, Author's first name.  Title of the Books.  City:  Publishing Company, Year of
        Publication.

Example:  Rowling, J.K. Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets.  New York:  Scholastic Inc., 1998.



Book by two authors:
First Author's last name, Author's first name and Second author's first name, last name.  Title of 
      the Book.  City:  Publishing Company, Year of publication.

Example:  George, Jean Craighead and John George.  Dipper of Copper Creek.  New York:  Dutton Childrens Books, 
                        1996.



Book by two or more authors:
First Author's last name, Author's first name et al.  Title of the Book.  City:  Publishing Company, 
       Year of Publication.

Example:  Dispezio, Mark et al.  Science Insights:  Exploring Matter and Energy.  New York:  Addison-Wesley
                         Publishing Company, 1997.



Book by an editor:
Editor's last name, Editor's first name, ed.  Title of the Book.  City:  Publishing Company,
      Year of Publication.

Example:  Ehrlich, Amy, ed.  When I Was Your Age:  Original Stories About Growing Up.  Cambridge:  Candlewick 
                       Press, 1996.

Citing Articles in Periodicals:
Article by a Single Author:
Author's last name, Author's first name.  "Title of the Article."  Title of the Periodical.  Volume # 
       (Year of Publication):  Pages of Article.

Example:  Travis, J.  "Ewe Again?  Cloning From Adult DNA."  Science News.  151(1999): 132-3.

Citing Articles in a Newspaper:
Author's last name, Author's first name.  "Title of the Article."  Title of the Newspaper Day Month,
        Year, Edition:  Page Number(s).

Example:  Vigue, Doreen Ludica.  "Farce Busting:  Leaf Peepers on the Tour."  Boston Sunday Globe 12 Oct. 1997, 
                        natl. ed.: A1+

Citing Information From a CD-ROM:
Author's last name, Author's first name (if given).  "Title of Information/Article."  Title of the 
      CD-ROM.  CD-ROM.  Publishing Company, Year of Publication.

Example:  Macauly, David.  "Scanner."  The Way Things Work 2.0.  CD-ROM.  DK Multimedia, 1996.

Citing Online Databases:
Author's last name, Author's first name (if given).  "Title of the Information/Article." Title of the 
     Database.  Online.  Publishing Company/Computer Service.  Day Month.  Year.

Example:  "U.S. Population By Age."  Online.  Dialog @ Carl.  15 Dec.  1997.

Citing an Interview:
Person Interviewed last name, first name.  Interview.  Title of the Periodical/TV Show.  Publishing 
       Company.  Date Month.  Year.

Example:  Brown, Kate.  Interview.  Time.  Time Inc.  19 Feb. 1998.

Citing Internet Sites:
Title of Item.  Editor's Name (if given).  Date of Download.  Name of Sponsoring Institution or 
      Organization.  Date of Access <URL>.

Example:  CNN Interactive.  19 June 1998.  Cable News Network.  19 June 1998 <http://www.cnn.com>.

Citing a Personal Web Site:
Author's last name, Author's first name.  Title of Web Page.  Date of Download.  <URL>.

Example:  Smith, Robert. My Insect Page.  14 September 1999 <http://www.cnn.com/insect/>.

Citing an Article in an Online Periodical:
Author's last name, Author's first name.  "Title of Item."  Title of Periodical.  Volume Number.  Issue
        Number (Date of Publication).  Date of Download <URL>.

Example:  Smith, Robert.  "Bill Gates."  Time Online.  12.1 (1999).  12 September 1999 <http://www.time.com/billgates/>.

Citing E-mail:
Author's last name, Author's first name.  "Subject Line of the Message."  E-mail to Recipient.  Day
      Month.  Year.

Example:  Smith, Susan.  "Information on Hubble."  E-mail to Charles Brown. 1 Jan.  1998.

Citing Online Images:
Author's last name, Author's first name.  "Title of Image."  Title of Web Page.  Publishing Company.
        Date of Publication.  Date of Download <URL>.

Example:  Harden, Mark.  "Flowers Still Life."  Mark Harden's Artchive.  14 September 1999 
                            <http://www.artchive.com/flowers>.

Citing Online Sounds:
Author's last name, Author's first name.  "Title of Sound Clip."  Title of Web Page.  Publishing 
       Company.  Date of Publication.  Date of Download <URL>.

Example:  Smith, Robert.  "Thunder Clip."  Sound Effects, Inc.  Acme.  12 June 1999.  13 September 1999 
                       <http://www.acme.com/soundeffects/thunder/>.

Citing Online Video Clips:
"Title of Video Clip." Title of Web Page.  Publishing Company.  Date of Publication.  Date of
           Download <URL>.

Example:  "Insect Patrol" Acme.  13 June 1998.  17 September 1999 <http://www.insectlife.com/patrol/>.

Citing Encyclopedia Articles:
"Title of the Encyclopedia Article." Title of the Encyclopedia. Edition Number. Year of Publication.

Example: "Robotics." World Book Encyclopedia. 1999 ed. 1999.

These citations are based upon
the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers 5th ed.

Last Updated April 4, 2000
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